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Compare Swaziland (2005) - Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)

Compare Swaziland (2005) z Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)

 Swaziland (2005)Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2008)
 SwazilandAshmore and Cartier Islands
Administrative divisions 4 districts; Hhohho, Lubombo, Manzini, Shiselweni -
Age structure 0-14 years: 40.6% (male 240,643/female 235,895)


15-64 years: 55.6% (male 327,661/female 325,400)


65 years and over: 3.8% (male 19,273/female 25,028) (2005 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products sugarcane, cotton, corn, tobacco, rice, citrus, pineapples, sorghum, peanuts; cattle, goats, sheep -
Airports 18 (2004 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2004 est.)		 -
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 17


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 10 (2004 est.)		 -
Area total: 17,363 sq km


land: 17,203 sq km


water: 160 sq km		 total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island
Area - comparative slightly smaller than New Jersey about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background Autonomy for the Swazis of southern Africa was guaranteed by the British in the late 19th century; independence was granted in 1968. Student and labor unrest during the 1990s pressured the monarchy (one of the oldest on the continent) to grudgingly allow political reform and greater democracy. Swaziland recently surpassed Botswana as the country with the world's highest known rates of HIV/AIDS infection These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.
Birth rate 27.72 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Budget revenues: $494.6 million


expenditures: $552.7 million, including capital expenditures of $147 million (2004 est.)		 -
Capital Mbabane; note - Lobamba is the royal and legislative capital -
Climate varies from tropical to near temperate tropical
Coastline 0 km (landlocked) 74.1 km
Constitution a constitution was due to be adopted in November 2003 but was delayed and scheduled for early 2005 -
Country name conventional long form: Kingdom of Swaziland


conventional short form: Swaziland		 conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Death rate 25.26 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
Debt - external $320 million (2002 est.) -
Dependency status - territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Attorney-General's Department
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Lewis LUCKE


embassy: Central Bank Building, Warner Street, Mbabane


mailing address: P. O. Box 199, Mbabane


telephone: [268] 404-6441 through 404-6445


FAX: [268] 404-5959		 none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Mary Madzandza KANYA


chancery: 1712 New Hampshire Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20009


telephone: [1] (202) 234-5002


FAX: [1] (202) 234-8254		 none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international none Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to these islands; Australia closed parts of the Ashmore and Cartier Reserve to Indonesian traditional fishing and placed restrictions on certain catches
Economic aid - recipient $104 million (2001) -
Economy - overview In this small, landlocked economy, subsistence agriculture occupies more than 80% of the population. The manufacturing sector has diversified since the mid-1980s. Sugar and wood pulp remain important foreign exchange earners. Mining has declined in importance in recent years with only coal and quarry stone mines remaining active. Surrounded by South Africa, except for a short border with Mozambique, Swaziland is heavily dependent on South Africa from which it receives about nine-tenths of its imports and to which it sends nearly three-quarters of its exports. Customs duties from the Southern African Customs Union and worker remittances from South Africa substantially supplement domestically earned income. The government is trying to improve the atmosphere for foreign investment. Overgrazing, soil depletion, drought, and sometimes floods persist as problems for the future. More than one-fourth of the population needed emergency food aid in 2004 because of drought, and more than one-third of the adult population was infected by HIV/AIDS. no economic activity
Electricity - consumption 1.173 billion kWh (2002) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2002) -
Electricity - imports 799 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2002) -
Electricity - production 402 million kWh (2002) -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Great Usutu River 21 m


highest point: Emlembe 1,862 m		 lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m
Environment - current issues limited supplies of potable water; wildlife populations being depleted because of excessive hunting; overgrazing; soil degradation; soil erosion NA
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Ozone Layer Protection


signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea		 -
Ethnic groups African 97%, European 3% -
Exchange rates emalangeni per US dollar - 6.4597 (2004), 7.5648 (2003), 10.5407 (2002), 8.6092 (2001), 6.9398 (2000) -
Executive branch chief of state: King MSWATI III (since 25 April 1986)


head of government: Prime Minister Absolom Themba DLAMINI (since 14 November 2003)


cabinet: Cabinet recommended by the prime minister and confirmed by the monarch


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch		 -
Exports NA -
Exports - commodities soft drink concentrates, sugar, wood pulp, cotton yarn, refrigerators, citrus and canned fruit -
Exports - partners South Africa 59.7%, EU 8.8%, US 8.8%, Mozambique 6.2% (2004) -
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March -
Flag description three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (triple width), and blue; the red band is edged in yellow; centered in the red band is a large black and white shield covering two spears and a staff decorated with feather tassels, all placed horizontally the flag of Australia is used
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 16.1%


industry: 43.4%


services: 40.5% (2004 est.)		 -
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $5,100 (2004 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate 2.5% (2004 est.) -
Geographic coordinates 26 30 S, 31 30 E 12 14 S, 123 05 E
Geography - note landlocked; almost completely surrounded by South Africa Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983
Highways total: 3,107 km


paved: NA


unpaved: NA (2000)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 1%


highest 10%: 50.2% (1995)		 -
Imports NA -
Imports - commodities motor vehicles, machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products, chemicals -
Imports - partners South Africa 95.6%, EU 0.9%, Japan 0.9%, Singapore 0.3% (2004) -
Independence 6 September 1968 (from UK) -
Industrial production growth rate 3.7% (FY95/96) -
Industries mining (coal, raw asbestos), wood pulp, sugar, soft drink concentrates, textile and apparel -
Infant mortality rate total: 69.27 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 72.51 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 65.94 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)		 -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 5.4% (2004 est.) -
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, OPCW, PCA, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO -
Irrigated land 690 sq km (1998 est.) 0 sq km
Judicial branch High Court; Court of Appeal; judges for both courts are appointed by the monarch -
Labor force 383,200 (2000) -
Labor force - by occupation NA -
Land boundaries total: 535 km


border countries: Mozambique 105 km, South Africa 430 km		 0 km
Land use arable land: 10.35%


permanent crops: 0.7%


other: 88.95% (2001)		 arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2005)
Languages English (official, government business conducted in English), siSwati (official) -
Legal system based on South African Roman-Dutch law in statutory courts and Swazi traditional law and custom in traditional courts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch bicameral Parliament or Libandla, an advisory body, consists of the Senate (30 seats - 10 appointed by the House of Assembly and 20 appointed by the monarch; members serve five-year terms) and the House of Assembly (65 seats - 10 appointed by the monarch and 55 elected by popular vote; members serve five-year terms)


elections: House of Assembly - last held 18 October 2003 (next to be held October 2008)


election results: House of Assembly - balloting is done on a nonparty basis; candidates for election are nominated by the local council of each constituency and for each constituency the three candidates with the most votes in the first round of voting are narrowed to a single winner by a second round		 -
Life expectancy at birth total population: 33.22 years


male: 32.49 years


female: 33.98 years (2005 est.)		 -
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 81.6%


male: 82.6%


female: 80.8% (2003 est.)		 -
Location Southern Africa, between Mozambique and South Africa Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island
Map references Africa Southeast Asia
Maritime claims none (landlocked) territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
Military - note - defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force
Military branches Umbutfo Swaziland Defense Force (USDF): Ground Force (includes Air Wing), Royal Swaziland Police Force (RSPF) (2005) -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $40.5 million (2004) -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.4% (2004) -
National holiday Independence Day, 6 September (1968) -
Nationality noun: Swazi(s)


adjective: Swazi		 -
Natural hazards drought surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards
Natural resources asbestos, coal, clay, cassiterite, hydropower, forests, small gold and diamond deposits, quarry stone, and talc fish
Net migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) -
People - note - the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem
Political parties and leaders political parties are banned by the government - the following are considered political associations; Imbokodvo National Movement or INM [leader NA]; Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or NNLC [Obed DLAMINI, president]; People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mario MASUKU, president] -
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 1,173,900


note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.)		 no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island
Population below poverty line 40% (1995) -
Population growth rate 0.25% (2005 est.) -
Radio broadcast stations AM 3, FM 2 plus 4 repeaters, shortwave 3 (2004) -
Railways total: 301 km


narrow gauge: 301 km 1.067-m gauge (2004)		 -
Religions Zionist (a blend of Christianity and indigenous ancestral worship) 40%, Roman Catholic 20%, Muslim 10%, Anglican, Bahai, Methodist, Mormon, Jewish and other 30% -
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female


total population: 1 male(s)/female (2005 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age -
Telephone system general assessment: a somewhat modern but not an advanced system


domestic: system consists of carrier-equipped, open-wire lines and low-capacity, microwave radio relay


international: country code - 268; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 -
Telephones - main lines in use 46,200 (2003) -
Telephones - mobile cellular 88,000 (2003) -
Television broadcast stations 5 plus 7 relay stations (2004) -
Terrain mostly mountains and hills; some moderately sloping plains low with sand and coral
Total fertility rate 3.7 children born/woman (2005 est.) -
Unemployment rate 34% (2000 est.) -
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